Korean J Health Promot KJHP Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2234-2141 2093-5676 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 10.15384/kjhp.2019.19.4.237 Original Article Health Behaviors and Dietary Habits according to Sleep Duration in Korean Adults Based on the 2013–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-9703 Kim Jin-A https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-6412 Lee Sim-Yeol Department of Home Economics Education, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea. Corresponding author: Sim-Yeol Lee, PhD. Department of Home Economics Education, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2260-3413, Fax: +82-2-2265-1170, slee@dongguk.edu 12 2019 31 12 2019 19 4 237 247 05 12 2019 15 12 2019 16 12 2019 Copyright © 2019 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 2019 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background

This study aimed to investigate the dietary habit problems related to sleep duration by analyzing health behaviors and dietary habits in Korean adults.

 Methods

Adults aged ≥19 years who participated in the 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in the study. Subjects were classified into the insufficient, appropriate, and excessive sleep groups. Subsequently, patient characteristics, health status, obesity and metabolic syndrome, dietary habits, and nutrient intake were analyzed.

 Results

The subjective health status was worse in the insufficient and excessive sleep groups than that in the appropriate sleep group. Body mass index and obesity and abdominal obesity rates were higher in the insufficient and excessive sleep groups than in the appropriate sleep group. The insufficient and excessive sleep groups had an irregular diet, and the excessive sleep group had significantly lower vitamin and mineral intake than insufficient and excessive sleep groups.

 Conclusions

Subjects in the insufficient and excessive sleep groups were less healthier than those in the appropriate sleep group. Further, subjects in the excessive sleep group had an unbalanced diet and nutritional status.

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KDRI, Korean Dietary Reference Intake. <sup>a</sup><italic>P</italic><0.05. <sup>b</sup><italic>P</italic><0.01. <sup>c</sup><italic>P</italic><0.001 General characteristics of the subjects according to the sleep duration

Values are presented as number (%).

aCalculated by the chi-square test.

 Health behavior of the subjects according to the sleep duration

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

Abbreviation: EQ-5D, EuroQol-5 Dimension.

aCalculated by the chi-square test, except for EQ-5D index, which was calculated by analysis of variance.

b,cIt has significantly dfference value between b and c (P<0.001).

 Obesity in the subjects according to the sleep duration

Values are presented as number (%).

aCalculated by chi-square test.

 Metabolic syndrome in the subjects according to the sleep duration

Model 1: unadjusted model; model 2: adjusted for sex and age; model 3: model 2+adjusted for household income, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, and education level. Significant difference in the mean value compared to 6–10 hours of sleep (reference group) using the SURVEYLOGISTIC procedure.

Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; Ref., reference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, triglycerides.

 Dietary habit of the subjects according to the sleep duration

Values are presented as number (%).

aCalculated by the chi-square test.

 Nutrient intake of the subjects according to the sleep duration

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

aCalculated by analysis of variance. Calculated by analysis of variance and post hoc analysis by Scheffe test.

bNutrients were adjusted for total energy intake, age, and sex.

c,dIt has significantly dfference value between c and d (P<0.001).