Korean J Health Promot KJHP Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2234-2141 2093-5676 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 10.15384/kjhp.2018.18.4.177 Original Article The Differences in Obesity Rates According to Status of Co-Residence with Their Parents in Korean Adolescents: The Implication of the Gender of Single Parent Living with Adolescents Kim Nahee Cho Young Gyu Kang Jae-Heon Park Hyun Ah Kim Kyoungwoo Hur Yang-Im Kwon Duho Department of Family Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Corresponding author: Young Gyu Cho, MD. Department of Family Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 9 Mareunnae-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04551, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2270-0097, Fax: +82-2-2272-0908, jacobel@hanmail.net 12 2018 31 12 2018 18 4 177 183 04 09 2018 10 10 2018 22 10 2018 Copyright © 2018 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 2018 Korean Society for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background

Many studies have reported that adolescents living with single parent have a high risk of obesity. However, those studies did not explore the implication of the gender of single parent living with adolescents. This study investigated the differences in obesity rates according to status of co-residence with their parents in Korean adolescents. The family living with single parent was classified into the family living with single father and the family living with single mother.

 Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 59,602 adolescents who participated in the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The data on height, weight, status of co-residence with parents, and the other variables were obtained through online questionnaires.

 Results

In male adolescents, the family living with single mother was related to a high proportion of obesity (odds ratio [OR] 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–1.40) and overweight (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.03–1.34). However, in female adolescents, the family living with single father was related to a high proportion of obesity (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.23–1.82). In addition, female adolescents living with neither parent were more likely to be obese (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.13–1.91) and overweight (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.00–1.70).

 Conclusions

This study showed a risk of obesity in adolescents living with single parent differs according to the gender of single parent living with adolescents. Not adolescents living with a same-gender parent, but those living with an opposite-gender parent have a high risk of obesity.

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Abbreviation: SE, standard error.

Values are presented as mean±SE or % (SE).

aBy t-test or Chi-square test.

 Distribution of weight status depending on the status of co-residence with parents

Values are presented as % (standard error).

aBy Chi-square test.

 OR (95% CI)<sup>a</sup> of the status of co-residence with parents on weight status by multinomial logistic regression analyses

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

aAdjusted by age, current smoking status, current alcohol intake, physical activity, breakfast skipping, fast food consumption, soft drinks consumption, perceived stress, depressive mood, household economic status.

bP<0.05 by multinomial logistic regression analysis.